Postings

Monday, 10 August 2015




AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY
WORLDWIDE

Stes de Necker



Life expectancy equals the average number of years a person born in a given country would live if mortality rates at each age were to remain constant in the future.

The life expectancy is shown separately for males and females, as well as a combined figure. Several non-sovereign entities are also included in this list.

The figures reflect the quality of healthcare in the countries listed as well as other factors including ongoing wars, obesity, and HIV infections.

Worldwide, the average life expectancy at birth was 71.0 years (68.5 years for males and 73.5 years for females) over the period 2010–2013 according to United Nations World Population Prospects.
 According to the World Health Organization (WHO), women on average live longer than men in all countries.

The countries with the lowest overall life expectancies per the WHO are Sierra Leone, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the CongoGuinea-Bissau ,LesothoSomaliaSwazilandAngolaChadMaliBurundiCameroon, and Mozambique.

 Of those countries, only Lesotho, Swaziland, and Mozambique in 2011 were suffering from an HIV prevalence rate of greater than 10 percent in the 15–49 age group.
List by the World Health Organization (2013)  
Data published in 2015.

Overall
rank
Country
Overall life
expectancy
Male life
expectancy
Female life
expectancy
1
84
80
87
2
83
79
86
2
83
81
85
2
83
80
85
2
83
82
84
2
83
80
85
2
83
81
85
8
82
80
84
8
82
80
84
8
82
79
85
8
82
81
84
8
82
80
84
8
82
80
84
8
82
79
86
8
82
80
84
8
82
80
84
8
82
79
85
8
82
80
84
19
81
78
83
19
81
78
84
19
81
78
83
19
81
78
83
19
81
79
83
19
81
79
83
19
81
79
83
19
81
77
84
19
81
78
85
19
81
79
83
29
80
78
83
29
80
77
83
29
80
78
82
29
80
78
82
29
80
77
83
34
79
76
83
34
79
77
81
34
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png Cuba
79
76
81
34
79
75
83
34
79
79
80
34
79
76
81
40
78
75
81
40
78
74
81
40
78
75
81
40
78
78
79
44
77
76
78
44
77
75
80
44
77
76
78
44
77
76
78
44
77
71
81
44
77
76
78
44
77
74
80
44
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png Peru
77
75
79
44
77
73
81
44
77
75
80
44
77
73
81
55
76
73
79
55
76
73
78
55
76
73
78
55
76
73
79
55
76
73
78
55
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png Oman
76
74
78
55
76
74
78
55
76
72
80
55
76
74
78
55
76
76
78
55
76
72
80
55
76
71
80
67
75
73
77
67
75
72
78
67
75
72
78
67
75
74
77
67
75
72
77
67
75
73
78
67
75
71
79
67
75
73
77
67
75
72
78
67
75
71
79
67
75
72
77
67
75
71
78
67
75
71
79
67
75
72
78
81
74
73
75
81
74
70
77
81
74
71
78
81
74
71
78
81
74
70
78
81
74
72
77
81
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png Iran
74
72
76
81
74
72
77
81
74
72
75
81
74
69
79
81
74
68
80
81
74
72
76
81
74
70
78
81
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Niue.svg/23px-Flag_of_Niue.svg.png Niue
74
72
78
81
74
71
78
81
74
71
78
81
74
72
76
81
74
69
78
99
73
69
77
99
73
70
76
99
73
71
75
99
73
70
77
103
72
70
73
103
72
69
75
103
72
67
78
103
72
70
75
103
72
68
77
103
72
68
75
103
72
70
74
110
71
67
75
110
71
69
74
110
71
69
73
110
71
69
73
110
71
66
75
110
71
74
69
110
71
66
76
117
70
69
71
117
70
66
73
117
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png Iraq
70
66
74
117
70
68
72
117
70
67
74
122
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/23px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png Fiji
69
67
73
122
69
66
73
122
69
68
70
122
69
65
72
122
69
63
75
122
69
67
70
122
69
67
72
129
68
68
69
129
68
65
70
129
68
63
72
129
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/16px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png   Nepal
68
67
69
129
68
62
76
129
68
67
69
129
68
66
70
136
67
64
72
136
67
64
69
136
67
65
69
139
66
64
68
139
66
64
69
139
66
64
67
139
66
64
68
139
66
65
68
144
65
64
66
144
65
63
66
146
64
62
65
146
64
62
65
146
64
63
66
146
64
62
65
150
63
61
66
150
63
62
64
150
63
60
67
150
63
61
65
150
63
61
65
150
63
60
67
156
62
61
63
156
62
60
63
156
62
61
64
156
62
61
64
156
62
60
63
156
62
60
65
162
61
60
63
162
61
59
63
162
61
59
62
162
61
59
63
166
60
58
61
167
59
57
60
167
59
57
60
167
59
58
60
167
59
59
59
167
59
56
62
172
58
57
59
172
58
57
59
172
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Flag_of_Togo.svg/23px-Flag_of_Togo.svg.png Togo
58
57
59
172
58
56
60
176
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png Mali
57
57
57
176
57
56
58
176
57
55
58
179
56
54
57
179
56
55
57
181
55
54
57
181
55
54
56
183
54
53
56
183
54
53
55
183
54
52
55
186
53
52
54
186
53
52
54
186
53
51
55
189
52
50
53
190
51
50
52
190
51
50
52
190
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png Chad
51
50
52
193
50
49
52
194
46
45
46



Friday, 7 August 2015

SOUTH AFRICANS ARE LIVING ON DEBT - The dangers of borrowing money to pay Debt




SOUTH AFRICANS ARE LIVING ON DEBT

The dangers of borrowing money to pay
Debt


Stes de Necker



About five million South Africans are battling with over-indebtedness. That is almost 14% of the total number of South Africans older than 16.

The appetite for debt among South Africans has grown even stronger amid low interest rates for the past couple of years.

The number of people with formal credit or loans has increased by 1.1 million a year ago, to 14.2 million. There seems to have been a shift away from informal lending, since fewer people borrowed from informal sources like money-lenders and pawn shops.

Statistics show that the biggest demand for debt come from people who earn in excess of R15,000 per month! 

 Secured loans grew substantially, but were overshadowed by the doubling of the number of people with unsecured loans. Powell said the growth in secured loans includes a small increase in bonds, but is mostly driven by increased car sales.

There is sense that South Africans have gotten comfortable solving their money issues by taking more loans. Instead of solving the issue at hand, they take out another loan as a way to solve the problem.  This in turns deepens their debt and makes the issue a longer lasting larger problem. 

The most troubling aspect of South Africans’ over reliance on credit is that they had become dependent on expensive personal loans to fund their lavish lifestyles.

If one takes into account increasing food inflation, increased fuel and utilities costs and a possible increase in interest rates, it is clear that many South Africans are teetering on the edge of insolvency. 



 


Wednesday, 5 August 2015

CANCER - THE BILLION DOLLAR INDUSTRY - THERE IS A CURE FOR CANCER AND ITS CALLED CANNABIS, BUT ....




CANCER - THE BILLION DOLLAR INDUSTRY

THERE IS A CURE FOR CANCER AND ITS CALLED CANNABIS, BUT ....

Stes de Necker



If you had a business selling something that made you well over a hundred billion dollars per year, would you take steps to eradicate the need for your business? Or would you make every effort for that money continue rolling in?

Take cancer, for example.  Don’t let all the media hype about “The Cure” fool you.  No one who is in a position to do so wants to end cancer because they are all making a killing on the big business of treatment, while ordinary people go broke, suffer horribly, and die.

There will never be a “cure” brought to market because there just isn’t enough profit in eradicating the disease entirely.  There will never be a governing body that protects consumers from being subjected to known carcinogens, because that too, will stop the cash from rolling in. A great deal of research is covered up and many potential cures are ignored and discredited because there is far more money in perpetuating illness than in curing it. In 2012, the reported spending on cancer treatment was 124.6 billion dollars.  Blood money.

The Grim Statistics

Just the word “cancer” sends a frisson of fear down the spine of the most stalwart optimist. 

Terrifyingly, almost one in two people will get the dreaded disease, and the numbers are only getting worse.  Here are some quick stats for background:

Nearly half of all Americans will develop cancer in their lifetime. Quick math tells us that is an astonishing 157 million victims.

Over half a million people in America died of cancer in 2012.

In 2011, cancer was the #1 cause of death in the Western world, and #2 in developing countries.
Cancer is the #1 cause of childhood death in the United States.

This is a fairly recent increase.  A hundred years ago, the number was far different.  At that time, 1 in 33 people were stricken with the disease. And despite billions of dollars being spent to find “the cure”, the World Health Organization predicts that deaths from cancer will DOUBLE by the year 2030.

The news is full of photos of babies who are missing an eye, of beautiful bald children who have lost their hair to chemo, and of people who have had to have body parts removed in order to survive a few more years.  But cancer is NOT normal. It isn’t something that “just happens”.  Researchers know the things that cause cancer.  Government protection agencies do too, but they do nothing to limit these toxins in the marketplace.

Why?

Because, cancer is big business and those who are profiting have great financial interest in seeing the deadly trend continue to increase.

Poisoned for Profit

So what has changed?  How did we go from a  3% chance of contracting cancer to a 41% chance?
It’s the advent of Big Pharma, Big Agri and Big Business.  They are getting rich off of poisoning Americans through the manufacture of toxic elements that we are exposed to on a daily basis.

Unless you live in a bubble and have no contact with manufactured items, outside air, or the sun, you are exposed to a staggering number of known and suspected carcinogens every day. 

The statistics support that the cumulative build up of all these different toxins in the human body eventually results in cancer in many people.

First, the manufacturers and the “food” producers profit when we buy their poisoned goods.

Then the medical system and pharmaceutical companies profit when we become ill and must fight cancer.

The drugs alone can cost over $100,000 per year, and that is on top of exorbitant costs for radiation, chemotherapy, and physician’s bills. In the United States, cancer is the #1 most expensive “per person” illness to treat.

Why would those who profit want to prevent cancer when 95.5 BILLION DOLLARS PER YEAR is spent on treating it? There is a vested interest in this increase in illness and the people benefiting from it have no intention of reducing the cases of cancer.

Don’t Count on Obamacare

Don’t look to Obamacare to be the saving grace of cancer victims, either.  With this type of government controlled medicine, budgets will be strictly adhered to and the decisions on how to proceed and what will be paid for will NOT be in the hands of the ill person. Treatments, medications, and funds will be strictly allocated through what many people are referring to as “death panels.”

Furthermore, Obamacare only covers 60% of your medical costs in most cases (after a hefty deductible) and none of your medication is covered.  If you don’t have $50,000 or more kicking around for your co-pay, you will be out of luck, despite diligently paying your worthless monthly premiums.

Prevention: Your Only Defense

Avoiding carcinogens as diligently as possible is your best defense against becoming the “1 in 3″, but it isn’t easy. Furthermore, you’ll be considered an “extremist” or a “kook” by those around you who have buried their heads in the sand.

Basically, a spending day in the Western world is a like spending a day running a gauntlet of toxins and carcinogens. Big Pharma, Big Agri and Big Business are getting rich off of poisoning Americans.
There are steps you can take to limit your exposure but be prepared for many people to consider your actions extreme. Very few people are committed enough to their health and the health of their family to do the research required to identify the dangers around them and then go against the current to avoid those perils.

Since most of us don’t live in a bubble, we will be subjected to some of these toxins – they’re impossible to avoid entirely.  However, you can limit your exposure by taking the following steps to reduce your exposure to everyday poisons.  (This list is expanded from the article, “The Great American Cancer Cluster” with permission from The Daily Sheeple.)

Purchase organic foods as often as possible.  GMOs and pesticides are proven carcinogens.

Load your plate with colorful antioxidants.  Opt for organic versions of foods like berries, colorful veggies, dark chocolate, and coffee, to name a few, are loaded with powerful, cancer-fighting antioxidants and will boost your immune system against other types of illness and disease as well.

Avoid processed foods. Many of the additives and preservatives featured abundantly in North America are banned in other countries precisely because of the health risks they represent.

Select non-toxic cookware. Nonstick cookware contains Teflon and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), which emit at least toxic gases within 5 minutes of heating up that nonstick pan.  Once the pans become scratched, toxic particles are leached directly into the food you’re preparing. Aluminum cookware is also potentially toxic. Cast iron, ceramic, glass, and clay are all better cookware options.

Don’t smoke.

Consume alcohol only in moderation.

Limit the use of plastic in your home. BPA or Bisphenol-A are petrochemical plastics that are a major component of many water bottles, lines the inside of canned goods, and makes up the hard material of many reusable food containers, including some brands of baby bottles. They leach cancer causing endocrine disruptors into food, especially if the food is hot. Use glass containers whenever possible.

Select personal care products that do not contain petrochemicals. Many cosmetics and other health and beauty aids contain petrochemicals. The danger of this is their byproduct, 1,4-dioxane, a proven carcinogen.  The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency classifies dioxane as a probable human carcinogen California state law has classified dioxane to cause cancer. Animal studies in rats suggest that the greatest health risk is associated with inhalation of vapors. Avoid the following ingredients:

Paraffin Wax
Mineral Oil
Toluene
Benzene
Phenoxyethanol
Anything with PEG (polyethylene glycol)
Anything ending in ‘eth’ indicates that it required ethylene oxide (a petrochemical) to produce e.g. myreth, oleth, laureth, ceteareth
Anything with DEA (diethanolamine) or MEA (ethanolamine)
Butanol and any word with ‘butyl’ – butyl alcohol, butylparaben,butylene glycol
Ethanol and word with ‘ethyl’ – ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, ethylene dichloride, EDTA (ethylene-diamine-tetracetatic acid), ethylhexylglycerin
Any word with “propyl” – isopropyl alcohol, propylene glycol, propylalcohol, cocamidopropyl betaine
Methanol and any word with ‘methyl’ –  methyl alcohol, methylparaben,methylcellulose
Parfum or fragrance – 95% of chemicals used in fragrance are from petroleum

Opt for natural, biodegradable food grade cleaning products. According to the website Natural Pure Organics, the average household contains up to 25 gallons of toxic materials, most of which are in cleaning products.  When you use these cleaners, they linger in the air and on the surfaces, increasing your exposure to carcinogens as you inhale the toxins into your lungs or absorb them through your skin.

Avoid artificial sweeteners. Aspartame, for example, is a known carcinogen that breaks down into formaldehyde in the human body.

Refuse vaccines. Many vaccines contain formaldehyde and mercury, both of which are known carcinogens.  By the age of two, if a child has received all of the recommended vaccines, he or she has received 2,370 times the “allowable safe limit” for mercury (if there is such a thing as a safe level of poison). The HPV vaccine can actually increase the risk of reproductive cancer. The polio vaccine most recently came under fire for its cancer-causing ingredients. 

Avoid tap water.  If you have municipal water, drink it at the risk of ingesting loads of toxins. First, there is the willful addition of sodium fluoride, a pesticide which is labeled as “deadly to humans.” 

Not only has the consumption of fluoride been linked to cancer, but it also lowers IQs, causes infertility, and causes hardening of the arteries. Then there is the addition of chlorine, which is used to kill bacteria that could make us sick. Unfortunately, according to Dr. Michael J. Plewa, a genetic toxicology expert at the University of Illinois, chlorinated water is carcinogenic. “Individuals who consume chlorinated drinking water have an elevated risk of cancer of the bladder, stomach, pancreas, kidney and rectum as well as Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.”

Maintain a healthy body weight. Obesity has been linked to increased risks of cancers of the esophagus, breast, endometrium, uterus, colon and rectum, kidney, pancreas, thyroid, and gallbladder.

Exercise daily.

The mind boggling thing is that those who strictly avoiding carcinogens and toxins are labelled “crazy” or “hysterical”.  I can’t tell you how many times I have watched people roll their eyes or scoff when I refuse to partake in things that are hazardous.  Somehow, drinking water from my own BPA-free water bottle is considered to be “extreme”. Not taking my children to McDonald’s or feeding them hot-dogs and Doritos is “mean”. Making our body care products and cleaning products from wholesome, non-toxic ingredients is “silly”.

I believe that knowingly ingesting toxic ingredients is “crazy”.   I believe that rubbing carcinogens on my body or spraying them around my house is “ridiculous”.  I think that having poison injected into my defenseless children or feeding it to them on a colorful plate is “mean”.

Never forget that the bottom line is profit.  Don’t expect the FDA or the EPA to step in. They’ve proven time and again that their purpose is to serve the interests of Big Business, not the consumers.
Cancer represents big money to the pharmaceutical companies and the health industry. They do NOT have a vested interest in prevention.  So, maybe, just maybe, subjecting your body to the tender mercies of  Big Pharma and the AMA and lining their already loaded pockets is just a little bit sillier than taking steps to avoid illness altogether.

This article is dedicated to some beloved people in my life, one of whom fought it and won and the other who is fighting the good fight and will not go quietly… much love to SD and JS, and all who are touched by this icy finger.

Some supplemental reading:







Tuesday, 4 August 2015

CANNABIS CURES CANCER ..! - Producing The Highest Quality Cannabis Oil - By: Rick Simpson



CANNABIS CURES CANCER ..!


Producing The Highest Quality Cannabis Oil


By: Rick Simpson







In the interest of allowing the common man to produce the highest quality and most medicinal oils possible, I have discovered a simple method that will enable just about everyone to produce oils with even more effective medicinal values than I have showed the public in the past. All you actually have to do is add a few more steps to the process we have already showed you, but after you produce oil in this manner I think you will agree that it does make a tremendous difference.

If you have high quality medicinal bud to work with, you should be able to manufacture oils with very high cannabinoid levels, simply by using a good solvent and a rice cooker. Oils that I produced in this manner usually showed THC levels of 95% or more along with varying levels of other cannabinoids and plant waxes. The healing power of oils such as this are what has finally given the cannabis hemp plant the medical recognition it deserves, but still I have found that the healing power of this substance can be taken to a whole new level without much difficulty.

All you have to do is take the oil and put it in a heating unit that can catch the cannabinoids as they vaporize off and this will produce oils of higher quality and purity. Although an ordinary vaporizer can accomplish this task, in truth they are not designed properly to fulfill this role, since it would take so long to produce any amount of medication and most vaporizers which are available tend to leak.

To produce oil on a larger scale one would require a much larger vaporizing unit which was airtight and it would also necessitate the use of a much larger collection dome that is set on an angle, so that once the cannabinoids started to collect they would begin to run down to the dome’s lowest point, where they could be collected from a small drain hole in the form of a highly purified oil. Anyone who is mechanically inclined should not have too much trouble putting together a unit to perform this task, but it will take a little time and effort to assemble the device. 
       
The amount of oil which can be collected after it has been vaporized depends on what cannabinoid percentage by weight that the original starting oil had. If the oil you are using had 99% cannabinoids by weight, then you should get roughly that amount back after it has been vaporized.

I should also mention that this is a great way to improve the quality of lower grade oils which have a lot of impurities, so they may be used as a more powerful and effective medication. Even a starting oil with much lower cannabinoid content may produce a decent medication, if the cannabinoids are vaporized off and the impurities are left behind in the bowl. You may not get out as much as you put in, but at least you will end up with an oil that is much more medicinal than what you started out with. When it comes to healing, a medicine’s purity and effectiveness mean everything to the patient, so if you wish to produce the most medicinal oils possible, I think you should give what I am saying some serious consideration.

As yet, I cannot explain why oils produced in this manner are so much more medicinally active than even the best oils which have been produced using other methods. Since the oils that I have vaporized had been decarboxylated before they even went into the vaporizer, that should mean they were already as medicinally active as possible, so one would expect to see little difference in potency after the oil has been collected from the vaporizer. When the cannabinoids are vaporized off these high quality oils, all that is left in the bowl of the vaporizer are unwanted plant waxes and other contaminants. By leaving these unwanted substances behind in the bowl, the oil that you collect will be much purer, but since these oils had few impurities before they were even put in the vaporizer, this does little to explain why the oil is now so much more potent.

Cannabinoids vaporize off the oil between 300 and 400 degrees Fahrenheit and these temperatures are much higher than those which we have been told are required to accomplish decarboxylation. Either there is something that we do not as yet understand about decarboxylation that is causing this amazing increase in potency, or all this extra heat required to vaporize the cannabinoids off may be doing something to the oil that we have never been aware of in the past.

I have been talking about this new process for the last few weeks when I do interviews and now there are some individuals, who have begun to manufacture oils in this manner and from what I have been told they were shocked at the difference in potency. From my experience, even the highest grade oils produced with the use of distilling equipment or a rice cooker cannot be compared with oils that are collected after the cannabinoids have been vaporized off. They may look somewhat the same, but I think the vaporized oils are many times stronger and indeed this should make them even more suited to treat individuals with serious conditions.

Some people simply put plant material in a vaporizer and then collect the cannabinoids in oil form from the dome of the vaporizer, after the plant material has been heated. By using the raw plant material one can produce a decent oil, but testing has shown that these oils do not equal the potency of oils produced in a rice cooker and that is the reason why I instruct people to produce the oil using my methods. If you put high quality oil in a vaporizer, the resulting oil which will be produced after the cannabinoids have vaporized off, will be much stronger than even the best oils that can be vaporized off high quality bud material. So if you want to see great results, they can be achieved simply by vaporizing the best oil possible and this will give you a medicine, which I feel is beyond compare.
No matter if governments like it or not, in the near future many of us will be producing our own medicines and since these oils are so effective for such a large range of medical problems, I expect to see this simple folk medicine manufactured everywhere, by those who do not have the money to play games with drug companies. In the future I am sure the drug companies will be trying to say that they are the only ones qualified to produce this medication, but we all know that anything these criminals are willing to provide would come at a very high price; and since just about anyone can produce this substance, I see no need for drug companies to even play a role. 

After we do the simple research that is required, we will be able to blend the different natural cannabinoids and produce oils specifically designed to treat different illnesses, but even though these new oils will have amazing healing abilities, oils which we ourselves can produce will always have their place in our medicine cabinets. I have never tried to patent any of the methods I have discovered, since I feel that this knowledge should be available to anyone who chooses to use it and no one has the right to hold anything back that can save someone’s life and, as a matter of fact, I think it would be a much better world if we had no such thing as patents at all.

Although those who wish to prohibit this medication’s use, like drug companies, have proven in the past that they are more than happy to poison and kill us with the trash which they have been providing, I am sure they will try to tell us that they are the only ones who can produce this medication properly. Using the new method I have just described, anyone can manufacture medications that are just as pure as anything a drug company could provide. In addition, I think medications that we can produce ourselves will be much more effective than what a drug company would offer, because unlike them we are not in this for the money and our aim is simply to heal ourselves.

There is now no sensible reason as to why we cannot produce our own medicines and when our bought and paid for governments try to prevent us from doing so, it will be just one more example of why we must rid ourselves of their corruption and once and for all, free humanity from their clutches.

By now it should be more than obvious that drug companies and our governments care little or nothing about our health and well-being, so let’s give common sense and Mother Nature a chance to see what they can do to improve our overall health, and once we do so, I am sure that we will no longer accept what has gone on in the past.

- See more at: http://www.cureyourowncancer.org/producing-the-highest-quality-cannabis-oil.html#sthash.PdYDa79J.dpuf





Monday, 3 August 2015

Metric Time or Decimal Time - Converting from the ‘Minkukel’ or normal time system to a Decimal time system




Metric Time or Decimal Time

Converting from the ‘Minkukel’ or normal time system to a Decimal time system

Stes de Necker


Clocks are everywhere, and almost everybody wears a watch. On each computer screen there is a clock ticking the seconds, minutes and hours away. Hundreds of times each day we want to know what time it is.

Our time keeping is however not so up-to-date.

Whenever we measure something (length, area, volume, weight) most of us use a decimalized (base 10) system: the metric system. Except when we measure time.

So why don’t we use the metric system to measure time?

The only reason for not using a metric time system is that switching would give us a big headache and it would take years to get adjusted to it. The same reason why some minkukel’s still use ounces, miles and gallons.

The metric system is used (in most civilized countries) for measuring all kinds of things, including length, area, volume, weight or mass, and even currency. We are used to measuring all these in a base 10 system. A kilometer is thousand meter, a centimeter is 1/100 of a meter, a liter equals 1000 milliliters, 1000 grams is a kilogram, etc.

But time is measured in a different way. Twenty four hours in a day, sixty minutes in an hour, sixty seconds in a minute, and yes, when we measure in fractions of a second we suddenly do it the metric way and we talk about milliseconds. Isn’t it time that we also use the metric system for measuring time?

People who think in ounces, inches, gallons and miles don’t have to read on!

For time keeping we use a “minkukel” approach with twenty four hours per day, sixty minutes per hour, and sixty seconds per minute. This is a sexagesimal (base 60) numeral system.

Let’s explore how it would be to use Metric Time. Days would be the same, because the length of a day depends on the rotation of the earth. But we will have to change the length of hours, minutes, and seconds.

How we do it now                                                        The metric system
24 hours per day                                                            10 hours per day
60 minutes per hour                                                      100 minutes per hour
1,440 minutes per day                                                  1,000 minutes per day
60 seconds per minute                                                 100 seconds per minute
3,600 seconds per hour                                                10,000 seconds per hour
86,400 seconds per day                                               100,000 seconds per day

What does this mean for the length of hours, minutes and seconds? A second will get slightly shorter. Minutes will be a bit longer. And hours will take much longer. Metric hours are 2.4 times the hours as we know them now.

Convert "old" time to Metric time

   1 metric second                                                  =    0.864 "old"  second                                                             
   1 metric minute                                                   =    1.44 "old" minute                                                               
   1 metric hour                                                       =    2.4 "old" 
hour             
                                                         
What does it mean in practice?

There is no AM and PM anymore because we have only 10 hours in a day. Noon is at 5:00. If you are used to work from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM, the metric clock means that you have to start at 3:75 (i.e. quarter to four) and by 7:08 you can call it a day.

Breaking world records

The world record ice skating on 5,000 meter is now 6 minutes and 3.32 seconds (Sven Kramer, November 2007). In the metric system this record would be 4 minutes and 20.51 seconds. This looks faster but it is exactly the same. But breaking the record should be easier because metric seconds (and thus hundredths of a second) are a bit shorter.

Abandon hours, minutes and seconds

A proper metric system for time would probably drop the use of  hours, minutes, and seconds. The standard unit would be the day, and the metric hours would be called decidays, the minutes would be millidays, and a metric second would be 10 microdays.

Or keep the seconds

If we keep seconds as the basis for metric time, then a minute will be called decasecond, an hour will be 10 kiloseconds, and a day is 100 kiloseconds.

But let’s see how it would be if you were wearing a metric watch. The length of a day depends on the rotation of the earth, so a day is still a day. But within the day we will have to change the length of hours, minutes and seconds to a base 10 system.


Time                                                                                 Metric Time
24 hours per day                                                           10 hours per day
60 minutes per hour                                                     100 minutes per hour
1,440 minutes per day                                                 1,000 minutes per day
60 seconds per minute                                                100 seconds per minute
3,600 seconds per hour                                               10,000 seconds per hour
86,400 seconds per day                                              100,000 seconds per day

How does metric time relate to “normal” time. Metric seconds are a bit shorter because we have slightly more of them in a day. Minutes will be longer, and metric hours are much longer than what we are used to. Here is a table converting time to metric time.

Time versus Metric time

1 metric second =             0.864 “normal” second
1 metric minute                                                      =                1.44 “normal” minute
1 metric hour                                                          =                2.4 “normal” hour


What time is it now in metric time?





Below is a link to the time converter Website where you can convert from normal to decimal time and vice versa.

http://www.springfrog.com/converter/decimal-time.htm

JUST IMAGINE, IF WE NEED MORE HOURS IN A DAY WE JUST MULTIPLY EVERYTHING BY 10 AND WE CAN HAVE 100 HOURS IN A DAY!


Enjoy converting to decimal time!